Sci-News 7

   Around the world, there are many astonishing and unique animal species. The smallest migrating bird "Hummingbird" is one of them. Hummingbirds are named for the sound they make are one of the great wonders in all of nature. Their wings make the titular "humming" sound they are named for. According to the conducted research, hummingbirds were discovered as fossils in Germany 47 million years ago. Their length is just 10-12 cm and their weight is 18-24 grams. Approximately, the lifespan of hummingbirds is 3-5 years.     Hummingbirds are extremely smart and their brain is larger. They can beat their tiny wings 50-70 times in a second. One of their daily habits is visiting 1000-2000 flowers to drink nectar (that also helps pollination). Their tiny heart pumps the blood 1200 times per minute. They have a very high metabolism that gives rise to eat all day long just to survive.     According to scientists, hummingbirds are special bec...

                  Meditation is such a consciousness-changing technique that shown to have many benefits on humanity in terms of psychological. In history, there is no certain proof how meditation start or who meditate first? Across the world, meditation is practiced in numerous religious traditions. According to research, the earliest records of meditation are found in the ancient Hindu texts that affects Hinduism and Buddhism. In Hinduism meditation as a spiritual exercise to remove ignorance and to acquire knowledge. What about other people?                                                       The exact question is “Why people needed meditatio...

  As far as we know, no previous research has investigated the effect of B12 on lucid dreaming. What does actually occur during lucid dreaming in the brain? How does the level of B12 change? Does lucid dreaming is detrimental or not?                Vitamin B12 is one of the most crucial nutrients because B12 is involved in the function and development of the brain, nerve cells and myelin sheaths. Unfortunately, our body can’t produce our own vitamin. For this reason, we should get it from our supplement.   A lucid dream is a dream that a person is aware of dreaming with consciousness. The dreamer can control its dreams and remember vividly everything about the dream. There are some cautions about lucid dreaming 6 of them stand out: o    fatigue, o    weakness, o    anaemia, o    balance problems, o    cognitive difficulties, o    heada...

  Approximately 4-4.5 billion years ago, the earth that is the third planet from the sun existed. Earth means “ground” from both English and German. It formed from a cloud of gas and dust. It also has a powerful magnetic field that is crucial for humanity. Distance from the sun is quite balanced which means it is not too hot and not too cold for us.  Scientists say that there are lots of variations in how life on earth will end. Here is the list of scenarios about the earth’s ending:    Pandemics: One of the significant threats for ending a human life is pandemic. In history, plagues have destroyed across the world 15% of the population. Spanish flu was the worst one that killed over 50 million people worldwide. These days, the world is fighting against Covid-19. We have to get used to wearing masks because COVID-19 won’t be the last one. For this, vaccines and antibiotics are the greatest defence for virus outbreaks.  For more information about COVID-1...

      Do you want to live with a brain chip? Elon Musk's new invention Neuralink is a great and futuristic one. This tiny computer chip will be really beneficial for lots of diseases.       Elon Musk who is a famous engineer, philanthropist and technology entrepreneur was born on June 28th 1971 in South Africa. When Elon was ten, he taught himself computer engineering and game designing on his own. He created a video game (Blaster) which sold for $500 in a magazine. Now, he is the founder of Tesla and SpaceX.                In 2016, Elon Musk founded neural tech company Neuralink for the purpose of helping the human race. Neuralink's new device is a tiny sewing machine-like computer chip which is stitched by a robot into the brain using superfine electrodes. It collects signals from the brain to translate them as writing computer code. It looks like creating an artificial intelligence creatu...

  What are the microorganisms which play a significant role for humanity? The answer is “bacteria”. They are everywhere, on your mobile phone, on your hand even you wash your hand.  Approximately 400 million years ago, bacteria existed from really early in life on the earth. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek is the first human who observed bacteria in 1676, which called them “animalcules”. Bacteria are single-celled organisms that are complex and really good at surviving in tough conditions. They are categorized into 5 groups according to their shapes: Spherical Bacteria Rod Bacteria Spiral Bacteria Comma Bacteria Corkscrew Bacteria Lots of people do not know the difference between virus and bacteria. Here is the comparison between 2 of them: Over 85% of Bacteria are friendly that are quite essential for our bodies. When we are born through the birth canal, lots of mother’s bacteria protect us. Moreover; breast milk contains special ingredients that are meant to be a healthy baby....

      Biomedical Engineering is a branch of science that deals with medical problems. BME is a complex field which consists of medicine, biology, computer science, and mechanical engineering. Biomedical engineers are basically making artificial limbs, designing the structure to be similar to a normal human organ, and designing the mechanical structure to maintain the best quality for humans.                  One of the earliest basic examples created by Egyptians 3000 years ago because humans needed to develop life-enhancing tools. Years and years, BME has been growing much faster than the average for all occupations from 2012 to 2019. Imagination is one of the significant elements because If you want to create a device, it should be cheaper, faster, and accurate than the other created devices. It is an amazing and inspiring point that If a biomedical engineer creates something, he may save thousands of...

   Have you ever wondered how artificial intelligence became an inseparable part of our lives? Humans are the most intelligent creature as far as we know. However, artificial intelligence is a strong rival in this area. Briefly, AI is the technology which is programmed to make our lives easier such as a human. The aim is creating a functional and productive system. Artificial intelligence is quite significant technology because it increases the human capability effectively at low cost.      In the middle of the 20th century, the idea of artificial intelligence became more common around the world. One of the fathers of AI John McCarthy played a really significant role in understanding this new technology.     Creating an AI is extremely hard because it requires lots of qualities in the area of computer and machine language. Here are the 6 basic components of artificial intelligence: 1- Machine Learning 2- Deep Learning  3- Cognitiv...

   As a result of the Big Bang, our unique universe existed approximately 13.7 million years ago. Then, human nature started moving in both time and space. However, we have a question: what If multiple universes exist? Many tv series such as Stranger Things or movies like Avengers used multiple universes theory.     Astronomers are limited to observe the universe because the observable universe is much larger than we thought. Fortunately, mathematics is one of the most powerful guides to understand realms and reality. According to mathematical models, several scientists claimed that an unknown trigger caused it to expand in 2 or more dimensions.     There are dozens of possible explanations why the multiverse is possible but 2 interesting theories stand out: 1- Bubble Theory:     This explanation belongs to Alexander Vilekin. He claimed that our universe is a bubble that is full of stars and planets in a n...

   A new solar model is predicting the next solar storms. For doing this, it is monitoring regions of high magnetic activity. That new solar model based on 10 years worth of data collected by SDO. This technology will definitely help us because we are not ready for a possible global blackout.    Our world's magnetic field protects us from the sun's radiation and solar flares. According to scientists, "Superflare" that is 20 times stronger than others. This new and severe thread will probably affect our satellite and electricity resources even the earth's magnetic field. If that day comes, what will happen? Here is a list of possibilities. 1- We won't communicate with someone 2- Electrical devices won't work such as cell phones and power plants 3- GPS coordinates will be false or won't work entirely 4- We won't store our foods that will cause a global poverty  5- Satellites won't work or broke completely 6- Hospital will be useless for severe pa...

   Have you ever wondered why should we sleep? An international team of researchers recently published evidence that sleeping well might have evolved to protect mammals from severe diseases such as cancer or heart attack.    They examined sleep patterns of more than 40 mammalian species which are elephants. baboons and hedgehogs along with the strength of the immune system that is a really complex system to protect us from infections. Giraffes sleep for just a few hours a day. Unlike giraffes, armadillos sleep for 20 hours.    Scientists claimed that boosting the immune system is just one of the significant functions of sleep. During the sleeping. brain recognise connections between neurons and proteins that are responsible for repairing the tissues.    According to a new experiment, among 153 people voluntarily infected with a weak virus, those who approximate sleep than seven hours of sleep were three times weaker than...

    Every single moment in our lives, we have a risk of getting infections from billions kind of bacteria or viruses. Their aim is that they try to make us their livable home. However, the human body is defended by a super complex little army that is "Immune System".    Immune System is a really complex system to protect us against microbic enemies. Its job consists of 4 main points: 🔶 Killing Enemies 🔶 Communication 🔶 Activating Cells 🔶 Causing Inflammation    Skin is the first barrier to fight against the possible infection. When a threatening microbic enemy gets through the skin, in 20 minutes, it starts using up the body's resources to reproduce. Macrophages are the first cells to fight with the enemies. If they need backup, they send a messenger protein to communicate with their colleagues.     The neutrophils fight really furiously and they create barriers to kill the threatening microbic enemy. If all of the things i...

   The discovery of the DNA is still one of the most significant scientific discoveries in the world. Many people know that the double helix model represents Watson and Crick who won the Nobel Prize. Two of the scientists were the key to model DNA. However, it is not accurate. Here is the real story about DNA.    Rosalind Franklin was born in 1920 in London. She was really good at science in high school and her dream was becoming a woman scientist even the social pressure. At that time, people thought that science is not a convenient career path for women.     She studied hard and won a scholarship to Cambridge University for studying chemistry. In 1951, she joined a college to use x-ray diffraction for her study of DNA. James Watson and Francis Crick were also studying in the same college. Unfortunately, Rosalind Franklin was isolated from her man colleagues that are not acceptable.    In 1952, she obtained Photo-51 which is t...

   Have you ever wondered the Schrödinger’s cat experiment? He has done something really importing in quantum physics. One of the most famous physicians Erwin Schrödinger was born in Austria, August 12, 1887.    The reason why he is quite famous physician is because he has done an experiment no one never actually did. This experiment is based on imaginary cat and its possibility of living or dying. In 1935, he took a cat and placed it in a sealed box with a chemical poison. The cat had a 50% chance of living or dying in the next one hour.    At the end of the that one hour, he said to himself “What is the state of the cat?” The cat was either alive or death. At the instant before the box is opened, the cat has equal chance to live or die at the same time. The quantum mechanical interpretation is that before we look, the cat is in a superposition. It is only and certain when the box is opened, we can see the truth about cat.      ...

   In the 1940s, nuclear energy became a great part of our lives. Nuclear energy promised to be a peaceful idea after nuclear weapons raised. They believe that this technology may help us in the future. However, nuclear power was quite complicated and expensive. It was hard to apply in real life.    More than half of all the nuclear reactors in the world were built between the 1970s and the 19885s. They created "Light Water Reactor" that heats up the water using an artificial chain reaction and nuclear fission. Heavy elements on the brink of stability get bombarded with neutrons. After all these processes, energy and radiation comprise.    Approximately 440 nuclear reactors were created around the world. Should we stop using nuclear power? Here are the 3 main problems why we should stop using it: 1- Nuclear Weapon:     In 1944, two large cities were destroyed by not dangerous 2 nuclear bombs. More than 5 countri...

   Have you ever heard the real story of Nikola Tesla and Thomas Edison? Here is the story of Nikola Tesla who was the genius of science.            On July 10th, 1859 Nikola Tesla was born in Croatia (for our world). He was fascinated with the world and nature. In his early 13, he had the ability to perform integral calculus in his head. He was good in every area of science in high school and finished it early. When he was 21, he had learned 8 different foreign languages.    He was passionate about working really hard. For this reason, the professors wrote a letter to Tesla's father stating that his son may be killed due to overwork. He did not graduate from the university of engineering department for some reasons.     Tesla began working for Thomas Edison's company with studying Direct-Current in 1882. This is the turning point for his life. Edison offered Tesla 1 million US dollars in today's curren...

   Have you ever wondered Marie Curie's inspiring and wonderful life? Here is one of the most important women scientists worldwide.    She was born in Warsaw, Poland on 7 November 1867. Her full name was Marie Sklodowska. She was good in every area of science in high school. She really wanted to go to the Warsaw University. She had to be a servant to earn money for her education. All these struggle and ambitions, she earned degrees of Mathematics and Physics.    She needed to a laboratory for the study. She bumped into Pierre Curie who fell in love with one of the most important woman scientist, Marie Curie. Their relationship was not the ordinary. In Marie's birthdays, Pierre would give his original studies like a prize.     Curie soon found that the element thorium emitted radiation. The strength of that radiation depended solely on the element's quantity. This led her to conclude that radiation was coming from s...

   Almost every culture and country studied at astronomy. They believed that the positions of planets, constellations, comets, and more are affecting our lives in some aspects such as our traits.     The idea of zodiac sign came forward over 2000 years ago in Iraq. Astronomers claimed that the shape of the moon plays a key role in determining the people's traits or more. This technique based on the 12 shapes of the moon over the course of a year. The zodiac chart is a screenshot of the planets and constellations that divided into 12 houses which represent different personality traits. Our birth date will fall into one of those 12 sections.    Astrology and astronomy are completely a quite change. Here is the difference between astronomy and astrology. Astronomy is mapping out the stars, planets, constellations, and more. However, astrology is interpreting their effects over us.    Claudius Ptolemy wrote the one of the most ...

   Do you remember many people said “Happy new year, I hope this new decade will bring us health, luck, and peace.” on 31 December 2019? However, the new decade has started with lots of disasters such as forest fires and viruses. Here is the main list for what happened in 2020’s first period: 1- Forest Fires:     In Australia, one of the most dangerous forest fire has happened in December 2019. It was really hard to deal with because of the strong winds. 18.6 million hectares of forest wiped out and several cute animals died. Approximately 450 people were killed to this natural disaster. Moreover, in Arizona, 42,492  hectares of forest and in India, 51,430 hectares of nature destroyed. Unfortunately, humans, animal habitats, animal species, and vegetations were also killed. 2- Floods:    In Indonesia, the floods destroyed Jakarta that is the centre of Indonesia and nearby areas. Heavy rains caused by this terribl...